Many other local filesystem types exist, such as iso-9660 for CD-ROMs, vfat for Windows partitions, and xfs and reiserfs for high performance file access. On Linux, the filesystems on your hard disks will probably be in ext3 or ext4 format. Unix systems support many different kinds of filesystem, some for files stored on local hard disks and some for files on networked file servers. If you have multiple hard disks in your system, you will normally need to mount at least one filesystem from each in order to make use of them. Each filesystem is normally stored on one partition of one disk, so it is possible to have multiple filesystems of different types on the same hard disk - one for Linux and one for Windows for example. The set of files that is actually mounted at a mount point is called a filesystem.Īll operating systems divide each hard disk up into partitions, each of which can be a different size. The root directory is also a mount point, almost always for a partition on a hard disk in your machine. For example, /home may be a mount point for a different hard disk on your system, and /usr/local may be the mount point for files that are shared from another server. Instead, different hard disks, CD-ROMs, floppy disks and network drives are attached to the directory tree at different places, called mount points. Drive letters used by other operating systems (like Windows) to identify different hard disks or network drives do not exist. On a Unix system, all files exist in a tree or directories under the root / directory. This page explains how to mount filesystems, either from partitions on your system’s hard disks or from other file servers.
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